Resources and Publications

Resources

For more information regarding B virus and B virus infection see the following online resources:

• Cohen JI, Davenport DS, Stewart JA, Deitchman S, Hilliard JK, Chapman LE; B virus Working Group. Recommendations for prevention of and therapy for exposure to B virus (Cercopithecine herpesvirus 1). Clin Infect Dis 2002;35:1191-203. Epub 2002 Oct 17.
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and National Institutes of Health. Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL) 5th Edition. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office. 2007.
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and National Institutes of Health. Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL) 5th Edition. Section VIII—Agent Summary Statements and Section VIII-E: Viral Agents. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office. 2007.
• CDC National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Hazard ID 5: Cercopithecine herpesvirus 1 (B virus) Infection Resulting from Ocular Exposure.
• National Association of State Public Health Veterinarians - Compendium of Measures to Prevent Disease Associated with Animals in Public Settings, 2009. MMWR Recomm Rep 2009; 58(RR05);1-15.
• Recommendations for precautions to be taken with research animals and pets can be found at
  • http://www.ahc.umn.edu/rar
  • https://www.cdc.gov/healthypets
• U.S. Public Health Service, Department of Health and Human Services’ Code of Federal Regulations—42CFR73.3

Publications

CDC’s Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) Recommendations and Reports

• National Association of State Public Health Veterinarians, Inc. Compendium of measures to prevent disease associated with animals in public settings, 2009. MMWR Recomm Rep 2009; 58(RR05);1-15.
• National Association of State Public Health Veterinarians, Inc. Compendium of measures to prevent disease associated with animals in public settings, 2007. MMWR Recomm Rep 2007;56(RR05):1–13.
• National Association of State Public Health Veterinarians, Inc. Compendium of measures to prevent disease associated with animals in public settings, 2005. MMWR Recomm Rep 2005;54(RR04):1-12.
• CDC. Notice to Readers: Occupational safety and health in the care and use of nonhuman primates. MMWR 2003;52(38);920.
• U.S. Public Health Service guideline on infectious disease issues in xenotransplantation. MMWR Recomm Rep 2001;20(RR15):1-46.
• Perlino C, Hilliard J, Koehler J, CDC. Fatal Cercopithecine herpesvirus 1 (B virus) infection following a mucocutaneous exposure and interim recommendations for worker protection. MMWR 1998;47(49):1073-6, 1083.
• CDC. Notice to Readers publication of guidelines for the prevention and treatment of B virus infections in exposed persons. MMWR 1995;44(05):96-7.
• Davenport DS, Ross SC, Stoltman GA, et al. Epidemiologic notes and reports B virus infections in humans -- Michigan. MMWR 1989;38(26):453-4.
• The B virus Working Group. Guidelines for the prevention of Herpesvirus simiae (B virus) infection in monkey handlers. MMWR 1987;36(41):680-2, 687-9.
• Griffin DG, Sutton EW, Goodman PL, et al. Epidemiologic notes and reports B-virus infection in humans -- Pensacola, Florida. MMWR 1987;36(19);289-90,295-6.

CDC Authors' Articles

• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and National Institutes of Health. Biosafety in microbiological and biomedical laboratories (BMBL) 5th Edition. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office. 2007.
• Jensen K, Alvarado-Ramy F, González-Martínez J, Kraiselburd E, Rullán J. B virus and free-ranging macaques, Puerto Rico. Emerg Infect Dis [serial online] March 2004.
• Cohen JI, Davenport DS, Stewart JA, Deitchman S, Hilliard JK, Chapman LE; B virus Working Group. Recommendations for prevention of and therapy for exposure to B virus (Cercopithecine herpesvirus 1). Clin Infect Dis 2002;35:1191-203. Epub 2002 Oct 17.
• Kiefer M, Deitchman S, Ehrenberg R, Flesch J, Chapman L. Cercopithecine herpesvirus 1 (B virus) infection resulting from ocular exposure. CDC/National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). NIOSH Hazard 5. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 99-100; 1999.
• Ostrowski SR, Leslie MJ, Parrott T, Abelt S, Piercy PE. B-virus from pet macaque monkeys: an emerging threat in the United States. Emerg Infect Dis 1998;4:117-20.
• Holmes GP, Chapman LE, Stewart JA, Straus SE, Hilliard JK, Davenport DS. The B virus Working Group. Guidelines for the prevention and treatment of B-virus infections in exposed persons. Clin Infect Dis 1995;20:421-39.

Additional Articles

• Engel GA, Pizarro M, Shaw E, Cortes J, Fuentes A, Barry P, et al. Unique pattern of enzootic primate viruses in Gibraltar macaques. Emerg Infect Dis [serial online] July 2008.
• Focher F, Lossani A, Verri A, Spadari S, Maioli A, Gambino JJ, et al. Sensitivity of monkey B virus (Cercopithecine herpesvirus 1) to antiviral drugs: role of thymidine kinase in antiviral activities of substrate analogs and acyclonucleosides. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2007;51:2028-34.
• Perelygina L, Patrusheva I, Manes N, Wildes MJ, Krug P, Hilliard JK. Quantitative real-time PCR for detection of monkey B virus (Cercopithecine herpesvirus 1) in clinical samples. J Virol Methods 2003;109:245-51.
• Huff JL, Barry PA. B-virus (Cercopithecine herpesvirus 1) infection in humans and macaques: potential for zoonotic disease. Emerg Infect Dis [serial online] Feb 2003;9.
• National Research Council. Occupational health and safety in the care and use of nonhuman primates. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2003.
• Black DH, Saliki JT, Eberle R. Development of a green fluorescent protein reporter cell line to reduce biohazards associated with detection of infectious Cercopithecine herpesvirus 1 (monkey B virus) in clinical specimens. Comp Med 2002;52:534-42.
• Engel GA, Jones-Engel L, Schillaci MA, Suaryana KG, Putra A, Fuentes A, et al. Human exposure to herpesvirus B-seropositive macaques, Bali, Indonesia. Emerg Infect Dis [serial online] Aug 2002;8.
• Huemer HP, Larcher C, Czedik-Eysenberg T, Nowotny N, Reifinger M. Fatal Infection of a Pet Monkey with Human herpesvirus 1. Emerg Infect Dis [serial online] June 2002;6.
• National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Cercopithecine herpesvirus 1 (B virus) infection resulting from ocular exposure. Appl Occup Environ Hyg 2001;16:32-4.
• Weigler BJ, Scinicariello F, Hilliard JK. Risk of venereal B virus (Cercopithecine herpesvirus 1) transmission in rhesus monkeys using molecular epidemiology. J Infect Dis 1995;171:1139-43.
• Weigler BJ, Hird DW, Hilliard JK, Lerche NW, Roberts JA, Scott LM. Epidemiology of Cercopithecine herpesvirus 1 (B virus) infection and shedding in a large breeding cohort of rhesus macaques. J Infect Dis 1993;167:257-63.