Diabetes case management strategies is recommended on the basis of strong evidence of effectiveness in improving glycemic control. There also is sufficient evidence of improved provider monitoring of glycated hemoglobin (GHb) when case management was delivered in combination with disease management. There is insufficient evidence to determine the effectiveness of diabetes case management strategies, when implemented alone or in combination with disease management, for improving: lipid concentrations (based on too few studies with inconsistent results); weight or body mass index (based on too few studies with inconsistent results); and blood pressure (based on too few studies with inconsistent results). Case management involves planning, coordinating, and providing health care for all people affected by a disease, such as diabetes.