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A Brief Guide to Genomics |
An organism's complete set of DNA is called its genome. Virtually every single cell in the body contains a complete copy of the approximately 3 billion DNA base pairs, or letters, that make up the human genome. |
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Cloning Fact Sheet |
Cloning describes a number of different processes that can be used to produce genetically identical copies of a biological entity. The copied material, which has the same genetic makeup as the original, is referred to as a clone. |
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Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Fact Sheet |
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a molecule which contains the biological instructions that make each species unique. DNA, along with the instructions it contains, is passed from adult organisms to their offspring during reproduction. |
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FAQ About Genetic Testing |
Genetic testing uses laboratory methods to look at your genes, which are the DNA instructions you inherit from your mother and your father. Genetic tests may be used to identify increased risks of health problems, to choose treatments, or to assess responses to treatments. |
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Knockout Mice Fact Sheet |
A knockout mouse is a laboratory mouse in which researchers have inactivated, or "knocked out," an existing gene by replacing it or disrupting it with an artificial piece of DNA. |
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FAQ About Newborn Screening |
Newborn screening tests use a dried blood sample collected during the first week after birth to measure the presence of disease biomarkers (a measurable substance or characteristic that is indicative of a disease). |
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Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) |
Sometimes called "molecular photocopying," the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a fast and inexpensive technique used to "amplify" - copy - small segments of DNA. Because significant amounts of a sample of DNA are necessary for molecular and genetic analyses, studies of isolated pieces of DNA are nearly impossible without PCR amplification. |
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Online Education Kit: Understanding the Human Genome Project |
Includes a history and descriptions of the Human Genome Project including a timeline, how to sequence a genome, bioinformatics, genes variation and human history and more. |
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About the Therapeutics for Rare and Neglected Diseases Program |
"The National Institutes of Health (NIH) Therapeutics for Rare and Neglected Diseases (TRND) program is part of a congressionally funded effort to encourage and speed the development of new drugs for rare and neglected diseases. The federal budget for fiscal 2009 dedicated $24 million to establish this initiative. |
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The Ethical, Legal and Social Implications Research Program |
The ELSI Research Program is the largest dedicated extramural bioethics research program at the NIH. Its budget has grown from $1.57 million in fiscal year 1990 to over $18 million in fiscal year 2014. The program has awarded over $335 million in research support, and has funded more than 500 projects, which collectively, have resulted in thousands of publications. |
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